UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark one)

☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _________ to _________

Commission File Number 001-38128

CHECKPOINT THERAPEUTICS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware		47-2568632
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

95 Sawyer Road, Suite 110, Waltham, MA 02453

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(781) 652-4500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share	CKPT	NASDAQ Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). YES ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large Accelerated Filer	☐	Accelerated Filer	☐
Non-accelerated Filer	☒	Smaller Reporting Company	☒
Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ☐ NO ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


Class of Common Stock		Outstanding Shares as of August 10, 2022
Class A Common Stock, $0.0001 par value		7,000,000
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value		85,496,962

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CHECKPOINT THERAPEUTICS, INC.

Form 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2022

Table of Contents

		Page No.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Unaudited Financial Statements	3

	Condensed Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021	3

	Condensed Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	4

	Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	5

	Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	6

	Notes to Condensed Financial Statements	7

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of the Results of Operations	20

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	23

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	23

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	25

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	25

Item 2.	Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities	56

Item 6.	Exhibits	57

Signatures		58

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SUMMARY OF RISK FACTORS

Our business is subject to risks of which you should be aware before making an investment decision. The risks described below are a summary of the principal risks associated with an investment in us and are not the only risks we face. You should carefully consider these risk factors, the risk factors described in Item 1A, and the other reports and documents that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Risks Related to our Finances and Capital Requirements

●

We have incurred significant losses since our inception and anticipate that we will incur continued losses for the foreseeable future. We have not generated any sales revenue from our development stage products, and we do not know when, or if, we will generate any revenue from sales of an approved product.

●

Our short operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our business and prospects.

●

There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, which may hinder our ability to obtain future financing

●

Our success is contingent upon raising additional capital for our development programs and commercialization efforts, which may fail. Even if successful, our future capital raising activities may dilute our current stockholders, restrict our operations, or require us to relinquish proprietary rights.

●

Our limited resources may cause us to fail to capitalize on programs or product candidates presenting commercial opportunity or high likelihood of success.

Risks Pertaining to our Business Strategy, Structure and Organization

●

Our future growth and success depend on our ability to successfully develop and commercialize our product candidates, which we have yet to do.

●

Our future growth depends on our acquiring or in-licensing products or product candidates and integrating such products into our business.

Risks Inherent in Drug Development and Commercialization

●

Because results of preclinical studies and early clinical trials are not necessarily predictive of future results, any product candidate we advance may not have favorable results in later clinical trials. Moreover, interim, “top-line,” and preliminary data from our clinical trials that we announce or publish may change, or the perceived product profile may be impacted, as more patient data or additional endpoints are analyzed.

●

We may not receive the required regulatory approvals for any of our product candidates on our projected timelines, if at all, which may result in increased costs and delay our ability to generate revenue.

●

If a product candidate demonstrates lack of efficacy or adverse side effects, we may need to abandon or limit the development of such product candidate.

●

We may not obtain the desired labeling claims or intended uses for product promotion, or favorable scheduling classifications, to successfully promote our products.

●

Even if a product candidate is approved, it may be subject to various post-marketing requirements, including studies or clinical trials, and increased regulatory scrutiny.

●

Our competitors have developed or may develop treatments for our products’ target indications, which could limit our product candidates’ commercial opportunity and profitability.

●

If our products are not broadly accepted by the healthcare community, the revenues from any such product will likely be limited.

●

Any successful products liability claim related to any of our current or future product candidates may cause us to incur substantial liability and limit the commercialization of such products.

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Risks Related to Reliance on Third Parties

●

We rely, and will rely in the future, on third-party contract research organizations and contract manufacturers for the conduct of our preclinical and clinical studies and trials, for the completion of commercial and pre-commercial manufacturing and, eventually, for commercialization. If such third parties fail to perform contractual obligations, meet deadlines, comply with applicable regulations, or if our relationships with such third parties are disrupted, our product candidates may be delayed, and our revenue potential may be limited.

●

We rely on clinical data and results obtained by third parties, which may prove inaccurate or unreliable.

Risks Relating to Legislation and Regulation Affecting the Biopharmaceutical and Other Industries

●

We operate in a heavily regulated industry, and we cannot predict the impact that any future legislation or administrative or executive action may have on our operations.

●

We may be subject to anti-kickback, fraud and abuse, false claims, transparency, health information privacy and security and other healthcare laws and regulations, which could expose us to criminal sanctions, civil penalties, contractual damages, reputational harm, administrative burdens and diminished profits and future earnings.

Risks Pertaining to Intellectual Property and Potential Disputes with Licensors Thereof

●

If we are unable to maintain sufficient patent protection for our technology and products, our competitors could develop and commercialize products similar or identical to ours, impairing our ability to successfully commercialize potential products.

●

We or our licensors may be subject to costly and time-consuming litigation for infringement of third-party intellectual property rights or to enforce our or our licensors’ patents.

●

Any dispute with our licensors may affect our ability to develop or commercialize our product candidates.

Risks Relating to Our Platform and Data

●

Our business and operations would suffer in the event of computer system failures, cyber-attacks, or deficiencies in our or third parties’ cybersecurity.

Risks Relating to Our Control by Fortress Biotech, Inc. (“Fortress”)

●

Fortress controls a voting majority of our common stock and has the right to receive significant share grants annually, which will result in dilution of our other stockholders and could reduce the value of our common stock.

●

We have entered into certain agreements with Fortress and may have received better terms from unaffiliated third parties.

Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest

●

The Chairman of our Board of Directors is also the Executive Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer of TG Therapeutics, Inc. (“TGTX”). We have entered a collaboration agreement and a sublicense agreement with TGTX, and as a result, certain conflicts of interest may arise.

●

We share certain directors with Fortress, which could create conflicts of interest between us and Fortress.

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Item 1. Financial Statements.

Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Condensed Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	30,887	$	54,735
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,178		976
Other receivables - related party		18		17
Total current assets		32,083		55,728
Total Assets	$	32,083	$	55,728

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	23,496	$	24,919
Accounts payable and accrued expenses - related party		1,125		1,063
Total current liabilities		24,621		25,982
Total Liabilities		24,621		25,982

Commitments and Contingencies (note 5)

Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock ($0.0001 par value), 135,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021
Class A common shares, 7,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021		1		1
Common shares, 84,905,751 and 77,574,405 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		8		8
Common stock issuable, 0 and 2,121,422 shares as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		—		6,598
Additional paid-in capital		238,305		223,001
Accumulated deficit		(230,852)		(199,862)
Total Stockholders’ Equity		7,462		29,746
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	32,083	$	55,728

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	For the three months ended June 30,				For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenue - related party	$	18	$	155	$	70	$	223

Operating expenses:
Research and development		12,053		7,198		26,723		11,411
General and administrative		2,129		2,114		4,372		4,487
Total operating expenses		14,182		9,312		31,095		15,898
Loss from operations		(14,164)		(9,157)		(31,025)		(15,675)

Other income
Interest income		22		13		35		26
Total other income		22		13		35		26
Net Loss	$	(14,142)	$	(9,144)	$	(30,990)	$	(15,649)

Loss per Share:
Basic and diluted net loss per common share outstanding	$	(0.16)	$	(0.12)	$	(0.36)	$	(0.21)

Basic and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding		87,509,824		75,492,853		86,286,655		72,912,456

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(in thousands, except share amounts)

(Unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022


							Common		Additional				Total
	Class A Common Shares			Common Shares			Shares		Paid-in		Accumulated		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Issuable		Capital		Deficit		Equity
Balances at March 31, 2022	7,000,000	$	1	83,801,242	$	8	$	—	$	236,917	$	(216,710)	$	20,216
Issuance of common shares, net of offering costs - At-the-market offering	—		—	563,705		—		—		642		—		642
Issuance of common shares - Founders Agreement	—		—	14,090		—		—		17		—		17
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—	526,714		—		—		729		—		729
Net loss	—		—	—		—		—		—		(14,142)		(14,142)
Balances at June 30, 2022	7,000,000	$	1	84,905,751	$	8	$	—	$	238,305	$	(230,852)	$	7,462

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022


							Common		Additional				Total
	Class A Common Shares			Common Shares			Shares		Paid-in		Accumulated		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Issuable		Capital		Deficit		Equity
Balances at December 31, 2021	7,000,000	$	1	77,574,405	$	8	$	6,598	$	223,001	$	(199,862)	$	29,746
Issuance of common shares, net of offering costs - At-the-market offering	—		—	4,305,644		—		—		8,687		—		8,687
Issuance of common shares - Founders Agreement	—		—	2,229,054		—		(6,598)		6,811		—		213
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—	1,445,214		—		—		1,504		—		1,504
Net settlement of shares withheld for payment of employee taxes	—		—	(648,566)		—		—		(1,698)		—		(1,698)
Net loss	—		—	—		—		—		—		(30,990)		(30,990)
Balances at June 30, 2022	7,000,000	$	1	84,905,751	$	8	$	—	$	238,305	$	(230,852)	$	7,462

For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021


							Common		Additional				Total
	Class A Common Shares			Common Shares			Shares		Paid-in		Accumulated		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Issuable		Capital		Deficit		Equity
Balances at March 31, 2021	7,000,000	$	1	72,163,822	$	7	$	—	$	203,864	$	(149,697)	$	54,175
Issuance of common shares, net of offering costs - At-the-market offering	—		—	3,374,674		1		—		10,823		—		10,824
Issuance of common shares – Founders Agreement	—		—	84,365		—		—		253		—		253
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—	119,012		—		—		766		—		766
Net loss	—		—	—		—		—		—		(9,144)		(9,144)
Balances at June 30, 2021	7,000,000	$	1	75,741,873	$	8	$	—	$	215,706	$	(158,841)	$	56,874

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021


							Common		Additional				Total
	Class A Common Shares			Common Shares			Shares		Paid-in		Accumulated		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Issuable		Capital		Deficit		Equity
Balances at December 31, 2020	7,000,000	$	1	62,420,439	$	6	$	4,617	$	173,947	$	(143,192)	$	35,379
Issuance of common shares, net of offering costs - At-the-market offering	—		—	10,399,983		2		—		34,715		—		34,717
Issuance of common shares - Founders Agreement	—		—	2,002,439		—		(4,617)		5,504		—		887
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—	919,012		—		—		1,540		—		1,540
Net loss	—		—	—		—		—		—		(15,649)		(15,649)
Balances at June 30, 2021	7,000,000	$	1	75,741,873	$	8	$	—	$	215,706	$	(158,841)	$	56,874

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net loss	$	(30,990)	$	(15,649)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense		1,504		1,540
Issuance of common shares - Founders Agreement		213		887
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(202)		960
Other receivables - related party		(1)		(135)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(1,361)		2,032
Net cash used in operating activities		(30,837)		(10,365)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock - At-the-market offering		8,910		35,614
Offering costs for the issuance of common stock - At-the-market offering		(223)		(897)
Net settlement of shares withheld for payment of employee taxes		(1,698)		—
Net cash provided by financing activities		6,989		34,717

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(23,848)		24,352
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		54,735		40,772
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	30,887	$	65,124

Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of common shares - Founders Agreement	$	6,598	$	4,617

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 1 - Organization and Description of Business Operations

Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company” or “Checkpoint”) was incorporated in Delaware on November 10, 2014. Checkpoint is a clinical-stage immunotherapy and targeted oncology company focused on the acquisition, development and commercialization of novel treatments for patients with solid tumor cancers. The Company may acquire rights to these technologies by licensing the rights or otherwise acquiring an ownership interest in the technologies, funding their research and development and eventually either out-licensing or bringing the technologies to market. The Company may also enter into collaboration agreements with third and related parties including sponsored research agreements to develop these technologies for liquid tumors while retaining the rights in solid tumors.

The Company is a majority-controlled subsidiary of Fortress Biotech, Inc. (“Fortress”).

The Company’s common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market and trades under the symbol “CKPT.”

Liquidity, Capital Resources and Going Concern

The Company has incurred substantial operating losses since its inception and expects to continue to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future and may never become profitable. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $230.9 million.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company sold a total of 4,305,644 shares of common stock under an At-the-Market Issuance Sales Agreement (“ATM”), at an average selling price of $2.07 per share, resulting in aggregate total gross proceeds of approximately $8.9 million and net proceeds of approximately $8.7 million after deducting approximately $0.2 million in commissions and other transaction costs.

The Company expects to continue to use the proceeds from previous financing transactions primarily for general corporate purposes, which may include financing the Company's growth, developing new or existing product candidates, and funding capital expenditures, acquisitions, and investments.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $30.9 million. The Company believes that its cash and cash equivalents are only sufficient to fund its operating expenses into the second quarter of 2023. The Company will need to secure additional funds through equity or debt offerings, or other potential sources such as partnerships to fully develop and commercialize its product candidates. The Company’s estimate as to how long it expects its existing cash to be able to continue to fund its operations is based on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and it could use its available capital resources sooner than it currently expects. Further, changing circumstances, some of which may be beyond its control, could cause the Company to consume capital faster than it currently anticipates, and it may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned. The Company cannot be certain that additional funding will be available to it on acceptable terms, or at all. These factors individually and collectively raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the date of this report. The Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements do not contain any adjustments that might result from the outcome of any of the above uncertainty.

The Company does not expect any material impact on its long-term development timeline and its liquidity due to the worldwide spread of the coronavirus (“COVID-19”).

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Exchange Act. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim condensed financial statements reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair statement of the balances and results for the periods presented. They may not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Therefore, these condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2021, which were included in the Company’s Form 10-K, and filed with the SEC on March 28, 2022. The results of operations for any interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year or any other interim period.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Other Receivables - Related Party

Other receivables consist of amounts due to the Company from TG Therapeutics, Inc. (“TGTX”), a related party, and are recorded at the invoiced amount.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Advance payments for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. Upfront and milestone payments due to third parties that perform research and development services on the Company’s behalf will be expensed as services are rendered or when the milestone is achieved.

Research and development costs primarily consist of personnel related expenses, including salaries, benefits, travel, and other related expenses, stock-based compensation, payments made to third parties for license and milestone costs related to in-licensed products and technology, payments made to third party contract research organizations for preclinical and clinical studies, investigative sites for clinical trials, consultants, the cost of acquiring and manufacturing clinical trial materials, costs associated with regulatory filings, laboratory costs and other supplies.

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 730-10-25-1, Research and Development, costs incurred in obtaining technology licenses are charged to research and development expense if the technology licensed has not reached commercial feasibility and has no alternative future use. Such licenses purchased by the Company require substantial completion of research and development, regulatory and marketing approval efforts in order to reach commercial feasibility and have no alternative future use.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Annual Equity Fee

Under the Founders Agreement with Checkpoint dated March 17, 2015, and amended and restated in July 2016 and October 2017 (the “Founders Agreement”), Fortress is entitled to an annual equity fee on January 1 of each year equal to 2.5% of fully diluted outstanding equity of the Company, payable in Checkpoint common shares (“Annual Equity Fee”). The Annual Equity Fee was part of the consideration payable for formation of the Company, identification of certain assets, including the license contributed to Checkpoint by Fortress (see Note 4).

The Company records the Annual Equity Fee in connection with the Founders Agreement with Fortress as contingent consideration. Contingent consideration is recorded when probable and reasonably estimable. Due to the nature of the Company’s assets and stage of development, future share prices and shares outstanding cannot be estimated prior to the issuance of the Annual Equity Fee. Due to these uncertainties, the Company has concluded that it is unable to reasonably estimate the contingent consideration until shares are actually issued on January 1 of each year.

Pursuant to the Founders Agreement, the Company issued 2,121,422 shares of common stock to Fortress for the Annual Equity Fee, representing 2.5% of the fully diluted outstanding equity of Checkpoint on January 1, 2022. Because the number of outstanding shares issuable to Fortress was determinable on January 1, 2022 prior to the issuance of the December 31, 2021 financial statements, the Company recorded approximately $6.6 million in research and development expense and a credit to Common shares issuable - Founders Agreement during the year ended December 31, 2021.

Stock-Based Compensation Expenses

The Company expenses stock-based compensation over the requisite service period based on the estimated grant-date fair value of the awards and forfeiture rates. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.

The Company estimates the fair value of stock option grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based awards represent management’s best estimates and involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. All stock-based compensation costs are recorded in general and administrative or research and development costs in the Condensed Statements of Operations based upon the underlying individual’s role at the Company.

Fair Value Measurement

The Company follows the accounting guidance in ASC 820 for its fair value measurements of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Under this accounting guidance, fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability.

The accounting guidance requires fair value measurements be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1:

Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2:

Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, for similar assets or liabilities that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

Level 3:

Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity and that are financial instruments whose values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation.

The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Certain of the Company’s financial instruments are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis but are recorded at amounts that approximate their fair value due to their liquid or short-term nature, such as accounts payable and accrued expenses.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company recognizes revenue under ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The core principle of the standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The following five steps are applied to achieve that core principle:

●

Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer.

●

Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract.

●

Step 3: Determine the transaction price.

●

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.

●

Step 5: Recognize revenue when the company satisfies a performance obligation.

In order to identify the performance obligations in a contract with a customer, a company must assess the promised goods or services in the contract and identify each promised good or service that is distinct. A performance obligation meets ASC 606’s definition of a “distinct” good or service (or bundle of goods or services) if both of the following criteria are met:

●

the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer (i.e., the good or service is capable of being distinct); and

●

the entity’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract (i.e., the promise to transfer the good or service is distinct within the context of the contract).

If a good or service is not distinct, the good or service is combined with other promised goods or services until a bundle of goods or services is identified that is distinct.

The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example, some sales taxes). The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed amounts, variable amounts, or both. When determining the transaction price, an entity must consider the effects of all of the following:

●

variable consideration;

●

constraining estimates of variable consideration;

●

the existence of a significant financing component in the contract;

●

noncash consideration; and

●

consideration payable to a customer.

Variable consideration is included in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. The transaction price allocated to each performance obligation is recognized when that performance obligation is satisfied, at a point in time or over time as appropriate.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Revenue for a sales-based or usage-based royalty promised in exchange for a license of intellectual property is recognized only when (or as) the later of the following events occurs:

the subsequent sale or usage occurs; and

the performance obligation to which some or all of the sales-based or usage-based royalty has been allocated has been satisfied (or partially satisfied).

Incremental contract costs are expensed when incurred when the amortization period of the asset that would have been recognized is one year or less; otherwise, incremental contract costs are recognized as an asset and amortized over time as services are provided to a customer.

Income Taxes

The Company records income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax effects attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective income tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The Company establishes a valuation allowance if management believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be recovered based on an evaluation of objective verifiable evidence. For tax positions that are more likely than not to be sustained upon audit, the Company recognizes the largest amount with a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized. The Company does not recognize any portion of the benefit for tax positions that are not more likely than not to be sustained upon audit. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company determined, based upon available evidence, that it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax asset will not be realized and, accordingly, has provided a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset.

Net Loss per Share

Net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share does not reflect the effect of shares of common stock to be issued upon the exercise of stock options and warrants, as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. The following table summarizes potentially dilutive securities outstanding at June 30, 2022 and 2021 that were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share, as they would be anti-dilutive:


	June 30,
	2022	2021
Warrants (Note 6)	12,493	13,191
Stock options (Note 6)	310,000	270,000
Unvested restricted stock (Note 6)	3,883,205	4,277,201
Total	4,205,698	4,560,392

Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was signed into law on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act, among other things, includes tax provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer’s social security payments, net operating loss utilization and carryback periods and modifications to the net interest deduction limitations. The CARES Act did not have a material impact on the Company’s income tax provision. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the CARES Act on its financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

On December 27, 2020, the President of the United States signed the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (“Consolidated Appropriations Act”) into law. The Consolidated Appropriations Act is intended to enhance and expand certain provisions of the CARES Act, allows for the deductions of expenses related to the Payroll Protection Program funds received by companies, and provides an update to meals and entertainment expensing for 2021. The Consolidated Appropriations Act did not have a material impact to the Company’s income tax provision for 2021 and the Company does not believe it will have a material impact on its income tax provision for 2022. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the Consolidated Appropriations Act on its financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies to those previously disclosed in the 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

During the six-month period ended June 30, 2022, there were no new accounting pronouncements or updates to recently issued accounting pronouncements as disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 that affect the Company’s present or future results of operations, overall financial condition, liquidity or disclosures.

Note 3 – License Agreements

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

In March 2015, the Company entered into an exclusive license agreement with Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (“Dana Farber”) to develop a portfolio of fully human immuno-oncology targeted antibodies. Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company paid Dana-Farber an up-front licensing fee of $1.0 million and, on May 11, 2015, granted Dana-Farber 500,000 shares of common stock, valued at $32,500 or $0.065 per share. The license agreement included an anti-dilution clause that maintained Dana-Farber’s ownership at 5% until such time that the Company raised $10 million in cash in exchange for common shares. Pursuant to this provision, on September 30, 2015, the Company granted to Dana-Farber an additional 136,830 shares of common stock valued at approximately $0.6 million and the anti-dilution clause thereafter expired. Dana-Farber is eligible to receive payments of up to an aggregate of approximately $21.5 million for each licensed product upon the Company’s successful achievement of certain clinical development, regulatory and first commercial sale milestones. In addition, Dana-Farber is eligible to receive up to an aggregate of $60.0 million upon the Company’s successful achievement of certain sales milestones based on aggregate net sales, in addition to royalty payments based on a tiered low to mid-single digit percentage of net sales. Dana-Farber also receives an annual license maintenance fee of $50,000, which is creditable against future milestone payments or royalties. The portfolio of antibodies licensed from Dana-Farber include antibodies targeting PD-L1, GITR and CAIX.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

In December 2021, the Company expensed a non-refundable milestone payment of $4.0 million upon the first patient dosed in a Phase 3 clinical study of its anti-PD-LI antibody cosibelimab.

In connection with the license agreement with Dana-Farber, the Company entered into a collaboration agreement with TGTX, which was amended and restated in June 2019, to develop and commercialize the anti-PD-L1 and anti-GITR antibody research programs in the field of hematological malignancies, while the Company retains the right to develop and commercialize these antibodies in solid tumors. Michael Weiss, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Checkpoint and Fortress’ Executive Vice Chairman, Strategic Development, is also the Executive Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and a stockholder of TGTX. Under the terms of the original collaboration agreement, TGTX paid the Company $0.5 million, representing an upfront licensing fee. Upon the signing of the amended and restated collaboration agreement in June 2019, TGTX paid the Company an additional $1.0 million upfront licensing fee. The Company is eligible to receive substantive potential milestone payments for the anti-PD-L1 program of up to an aggregate of approximately $27.6 million upon TGTX’s successful achievement of certain clinical development, regulatory and first commercial sale milestones. This is comprised of up to approximately $8.4 million upon TGTX’s successful completion of clinical development milestones, and up to approximately $19.2 million upon regulatory filings and first commercial sales in specified territories. The Company is also eligible to receive substantive potential milestone payments for the anti-GITR antibody program of up to an aggregate of approximately $21.5 million upon TGTX’s successful achievement of certain clinical development, regulatory and first commercial sale milestones. This is comprised of up to approximately $7.0 million upon TGTX’s successful completion of clinical development milestones, and up to approximately $14.5 million upon first commercial sales in specified territories. In addition, the Company is eligible to receive up to an aggregate of $60.0 million upon TGTX’s successful achievement of certain sales milestones based on aggregate net sales for both programs, in addition to royalty payments based on a tiered low double-digit percentage of net sales. The Company also receives an annual license maintenance fee, which is creditable against future milestone payments or royalties. TGTX also pays the Company for its out-of-pocket costs of material used by TGTX for their development activities. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized approximately $16,000 and $100,000, respectively, in revenue related to the collaboration agreement in the Condensed Statements of Operations. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized approximately $47,000 and $145,000, respectively, in revenue related to the collaboration agreement in the Condensed Statements of Operations.

Adimab, LLC

In October 2015, Fortress entered into a collaboration agreement with Adimab, LLC (“Adimab”) to discover and optimize antibodies using their proprietary core technology platform. Under this agreement, Adimab optimized cosibelimab (formerly referred to as CK-301), the Company’s anti-PD-L1 antibody which it originally licensed from Dana-Farber. In January 2019, Fortress transferred the rights to the optimized antibody to the Company, and Checkpoint entered into a collaboration agreement directly with Adimab on the same day. Under the terms of the agreement, Adimab is eligible to receive payments up to an aggregate of approximately $7.1 million upon the Company’s successful achievement of certain clinical development and regulatory milestones, of which $4.8 million are due upon various filings for regulatory approvals to commercialize the product. In addition, Adimab is eligible to receive royalty payments based on a tiered low single digit percentage of net sales.

In December 2021 the Company expensed non-refundable milestone payments of $2.4 million upon the first patient dosed in a Phase 3 clinical study of its anti-PD-L1 antibody cosibelimab. The expense included the amount due for the first patient dosed in a Phase 2 clinical study of cosibelimab, which was payable upon the achievement of a later-stage clinical milestone without an earlier-stage clinical milestone having been previously achieved.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NeuPharma, Inc.

In March 2015, Fortress entered into an exclusive license agreement with NeuPharma, Inc. (“NeuPharma”) to develop and commercialize novel irreversible, 3rd generation EGFR inhibitors, including olafertinib (formerly CK-101), on a worldwide basis other than certain Asian countries. On the same date, Fortress assigned all of its right and interest in the EGFR inhibitors to the Company. Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company paid NeuPharma an up-front licensing fee of $1.0 million, and NeuPharma is eligible to receive payments of up to an aggregate of approximately $40.0 million upon the Company’s successful achievement of certain clinical development and regulatory milestones in up to three indications, of which $22.5 million are due upon various regulatory approvals to commercialize the products. In addition, NeuPharma is eligible to receive payments of up to an aggregate of $40.0 million upon the Company’s successful achievement of certain sales milestones based on aggregate net sales, in addition to royalty payments based on a tiered mid to high-single digit percentage of net sales.

Jubilant Biosys Limited

In May 2016, the Company entered into a license agreement with Jubilant Biosys Limited (“Jubilant”), whereby the Company obtained an exclusive, worldwide license to Jubilant’s family of patents covering compounds that inhibit BET proteins such as BRD4, including CK-103. Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company paid Jubilant an up-front licensing fee of $2.0 million, and Jubilant is eligible to receive payments up to an aggregate of approximately $89.0 million upon the Company’s successful achievement of certain clinical development and regulatory milestones, of which $59.5 million are due upon various regulatory approvals to commercialize the products. In addition, Jubilant is eligible to receive payments up to an aggregate of $89.0 million upon the Company’s successful achievement of certain sales milestones based on aggregate net sales, in addition to royalty payments based on a tiered low to mid-single digit percentage of net sales.

In connection with the license agreement with Jubilant, the Company entered into a sublicense agreement with TGTX, a related party, to develop and commercialize the compounds licensed in the field of hematological malignancies, while the Company retains the right to develop and commercialize these compounds in the field of solid tumors. Under the terms of the sublicense agreement, TGTX paid the Company $1.0 million, representing an upfront licensing fee, and the Company is eligible to receive substantive potential milestone payments up to an aggregate of approximately $87.2 million upon TGTX’s successful achievement of clinical development and regulatory milestones. This is comprised of up to approximately $25.5 million upon TGTX’s successful completion of three clinical development milestones for two licensed products, and up to approximately $61.7 million upon the achievement of five regulatory approvals and first commercial sales in specified territories for two licensed products. In addition, the Company is eligible to receive potential milestone payments up to an aggregate of $89.0 million upon TGTX’s successful achievement of certain sales milestones based on aggregate net sales by TGTX, for two licensed products, in addition to royalty payments based on a mid-single digit percentage of net sales by TGTX. TGTX also pays the Company 50% of Investigational New Drug enabling costs and patent expenses. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized approximately $2,000 and $55,000, respectively, in revenue related to the sublicense agreement in the Condensed Statements of Operations. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized approximately $23,000 and $78,000, respectively, in revenue related to the sublicense agreement in the Condensed Statements of Operations.

The collaborations with TGTX each contain single material performance obligations under Topic 606, which is the granting of a license that is functional intellectual property. The Company’s performance obligation was satisfied at the point in time when TGTX had the ability to use and benefit from the right to use the intellectual property. The performance obligations of the original agreements were satisfied prior to the adoption of Topic 606. The performance obligation of the amendment to the collaboration agreement was satisfied in June 2019.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The milestone payments are based on successful achievement of clinical development, regulatory, and sales milestones. Because these payments are contingent on the occurrence of a future event, they represent variable consideration and are constrained and included in the transaction price only when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. The sales-based royalty payments are recognized as revenue when the subsequent sales occur. The Company also receives variable consideration for certain research and development, out-of-pocket material costs, and patent maintenance related activities. These amounts are dependent upon the Company’s actual expenditures under the collaborations and are constrained and included in the transaction price only when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. As this revenue relates to an already satisfied performance obligation, it is recognized approximately when the amounts become due. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company did not receive any milestone or royalty payments.

Note 4 – Related Party Agreements

Founders Agreement and Management Services Agreement with Fortress

Effective March 17, 2015, the Company entered into a Founders Agreement with Fortress, which was amended in July 2016 and October 2017. The Founders Agreement provides, that in exchange for the time and capital expended in the formation of Checkpoint and the identification of specific assets the acquisition of which resulted in the formation of a viable emerging growth life science company, the Company assumed $2.8 million in debt that Fortress accumulated under a promissory note through National Securities Corporation for expenses and costs of forming Checkpoint. Further, the Company shall: (i) issue annually to Fortress, on January 1 of each year, shares of common stock equal to two and one-half percent (2.5%) of the fully diluted outstanding equity of Checkpoint at the time of issuance; (ii) pay an equity fee in shares of common stock, payable within five (5) business days of the closing of any equity or debt financing for Checkpoint or any of its respective subsidiaries that occurs after the effective date of the Founders Agreement and ending on the date when Fortress no longer has majority voting control in Checkpoint’s voting equity, equal to two and one-half percent (2.5%) of the gross amount of any such equity or debt financing; and (iii) pay a cash fee equal to four and one half percent (4.5%) of Checkpoint’s annual net sales, payable on an annual basis, within ninety (90) days of the end of each calendar year. In the event of a change in control (as it is defined in the Founders Agreement), Checkpoint will pay a one-time change in control fee equal to five times (5x) the product of (i) monthly net sales for the twelve (12) months immediately preceding the change in control and (ii) four and one-half percent (4.5%). The Founders Agreement has a term of fifteen years, after which it automatically renews for one-year periods unless Fortress gives the Company notice of termination. The Founders Agreement will also automatically terminate upon a change of control.

Effective March 17, 2015, the Company entered into a Management Services Agreement (the “MSA”) with Fortress. Pursuant to the terms of the MSA, for a period of five (5) years, Fortress will render advisory and consulting services to the Company. Services provided under the MSA may include, without limitation, (i) advice and assistance concerning any and all aspects of Checkpoint’s operations, clinical trials, financial planning and strategic transactions and financings and (ii) conducting relations on behalf of the Company with accountants, attorneys, financial advisors and other professionals (collectively, the “Services”). The Company is obligated to utilize clinical research services, medical education, communication and marketing services and investor relations/public relation services of companies or individuals designated by Fortress, provided those services are offered at market prices. However, the Company is not obligated to take or act upon any advice rendered from Fortress and Fortress shall not be liable for any of the Company’s actions or inactions based upon their advice. Fortress and its affiliates, including all members of its Board of Directors, have been contractually exempt from fiduciary duties to the Company relating to corporate opportunities. In consideration for the Services, the Company will pay Fortress an annual consulting fee of $0.5 million (the “Annual Consulting Fee”), payable in advance in equal quarterly installments on the first business day of each calendar quarter in each year, provided, however, that such Annual Consulting Fee shall be increased to $1.0 million for each calendar year in which the Company has net assets in excess of $100 million at the beginning of the calendar year. The MSA shall be automatically extended for additional five-year periods unless Fortress or the Company provides notice to the other party of its desire not to automatically extend the term. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $125,000, respectively, in expense on its Condensed Statements of Operations related to the MSA. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $250,000, respectively, in expense on its Condensed Statements of Operations related to the MSA.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Caribe BioAdvisors, LLC

In December 2016, the Company entered into an advisory agreement effective January 1, 2017 with Caribe BioAdvisors, LLC (“Caribe”), owned by Michael Weiss, to provide the advisory services of Mr. Weiss as Chairman of the Board. Pursuant to the agreement, Caribe will be paid an annual cash fee of $60,000, in addition to any and all annual equity incentive grants paid to members of the board. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized approximately $28,000 in expense in its Condensed Statements of Operations related to the advisory agreement, including approximately $13,000 in expense related to annual equity incentive grants. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized approximately $55,000, respectively, in expense in its Condensed Statements of Operations related to the advisory agreement, including approximately $25,000 in expense related to annual equity incentive grants.

Note 5 – Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

The Company is not a party to any leases for office space or equipment.

License Agreements

The Company has undertaken to make contingent milestone payments to the licensors of its portfolio of product candidates. In addition, the Company would pay royalties to such licensors based on a percentage of net sales of each product candidate following regulatory marketing approval (See Note 3).

Litigation

The Company recognizes a liability for a contingency when it is probable that liability has been incurred and when the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. When a range of probable loss can be estimated, the Company accrues the most likely amount of such loss, and if such amount is not determinable, then the Company accrues the minimum of the range of probable loss. As of June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, there was no litigation against the Company.

Note 6 – Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

At the Company’s 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on June 9, 2021, its stockholders approved an amendment to its certificate of incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock available to issue by 40,000,000 to 135,000,000 with a par value of $0.0001 per share, of which 7,000,000 shares are designated as “Class A common stock.” The amendment was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 10, 2021.

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were 7,000,000 shares of Class A common stock held by Fortress. The holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share of common stock held. The Class A common stockholders are entitled to a number of votes per share equal to 1.1 times a fraction, the numerator of which is the sum of the shares of outstanding common stock and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Class A common stock. Accordingly, the holder of shares of Class A common stock will be able to control or significantly influence all matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers or other business combination transactions. Each share of Class A common stock is convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, into one (1) fully paid and non-assessable share of common stock subject to adjustment for stock splits and combinations.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

In November 2020, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (the “S-3”), which was declared effective in December 2020. Under the S-3, the Company may sell up to a total of $100 million of its securities. In connection with the S-3, the Company entered into an ATM with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. and H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (each an “Agent” and collectively, the “Agents”) relating to the sale of shares of common stock. Under the ATM, the Company pays the Agents a commission rate of up to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sale of any shares of common stock.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company sold a total of 4,305,644 shares of common stock under the ATM, at an average selling price of $2.07 per share, resulting in aggregate total gross proceeds of approximately $8.9 million and net proceeds of approximately $8.7 million after deducting approximately $0.2 million in commissions and other transaction costs.

Pursuant to the Founders Agreement, the Company issued to Fortress 2.5% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock issued in the offering noted above. Accordingly, the Company issued 107,632 shares of common stock to Fortress and recorded expense of approximately $213,000 related to these stock grants, which is included in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s Condensed Statements of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022.

As of June 30, 2022, approximately $45.7 million of securities remain available for sale under the S-3. The Company may offer the securities under the S-3 from time to time in response to market conditions or other circumstances if it believes such a plan of financing is in the best interests of its stockholders.

Equity Incentive Plan

The Company has in effect the Amended and Restated 2015 Incentive Plan (“2015 Incentive Plan”). The 2015 Incentive Plan was adopted in March 2015 by our stockholders. Under the 2015 Incentive Plan, the compensation committee of the Company’s board of directors is authorized to grant stock-based awards to directors, officers, employees and consultants. An amendment to the 2015 Incentive Plan was approved by stockholders in June 2020 to increase the shares available for issuance to 9,000,000 shares. The plan expires 10 years from the effective date of the amendment and limits the term of each option to no more than 10 years from the date of grant.

As of June 30, 2022, 2,188,471 shares are available for issuance under the 2015 Incentive Plan.

Restricted Stock

Certain employees, directors and consultants have been awarded restricted stock. The restricted stock vesting consists of milestone and time-based vesting. The following table summarizes restricted stock award activity for the six months ended June 30, 2022:


		Weighted Average
	Number of	Grant Date Fair
	Shares	Value
Non-vested at December 31, 2021	4,512,701	$	3.35
Granted	1,529,214		2.04
Forfeited	(84,000)		2.75
Vested	(2,074,710)		3.68
Non-vested at June 30, 2022	3,883,205	$	2.67

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

As of June 30, 2022, there was $4.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years. This amount does not include, as of June 30, 2022, 513,334 shares of restricted stock outstanding which are performance-based and vest upon achievement of certain corporate milestones. The expense for time-based vesting awards is recognized over the vesting period of the award. Stock-based compensation for milestone awards will be measured and recorded if and when it is probable that the milestone will be achieved.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option award activity for the six months ended June 30, 2022:


				Weighted Average
				Remaining
		Weighted Average		Contractual Life
	Stock Options	Exercise Price		(in years)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021	270,000	$	3.14	7.44
Granted	40,000		1.42	9.92
Outstanding as of June 30, 2022	310,000	$	2.91	7.32
Vested and exercisable as of June 30, 2022	155,000	$	2.31	7.39

Upon the exercise of stock options, the Company will issue new shares of its common stock.

The Company used the Black-Scholes option pricing model for determining the estimated fair value of stock-based compensation related to stock options. The table below summarizes the assumptions used:


	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Risk-free interest rate	1.30	%	1.04% - 1.50	%
Expected dividend yield	—		—
Expected term in years	10.0		10.0
Expected volatility	100.65	%	100.65% - 102.71	%

Warrants

A summary of warrant activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 is presented below:


				Weighted Average
				Remaining
		Weighted Average		Contractual Life
	Warrants	Exercise Price		(in years)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021	12,493	$	0.00	3.83
Exercised	—		—
Outstanding as of June 30, 2022	12,493	$	0.00	3.33

Upon the exercise of warrants, the Company will issue new shares of its common stock.

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Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Stock-Based Compensation

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 ($ in thousands):


	For the three months ended June 30,				For the six months ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Research and development	$	229	$	158	$	476	$	319
General and administrative		500		608		1,028		1,221
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	729	$	766	$	1,504	$	1,540

Note 7 - Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following ($ in thousands):


	June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Accounts payable	$	12,582	$	16,139
Accrued compensation		591		843
Research and development		9,974		7,704
Other		349		233
Total accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	23,496	$	24,919

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Item 2. Financial Information.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Statements in the following discussion and throughout this report that are not historical in nature are “forward-looking statements.” You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “intend,” “believe,” and similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Although we believe the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, such statements are inherently subject to significant risks and uncertainties and we can give no assurances that our expectations will prove to be correct. Actual results could differ materially from those described in this report because of numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include, without limitation, those described under Item 1A “Risk Factors.” Additionally, many of these risks and uncertainties are currently elevated by and may or will continue to be elevated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report or to reflect actual outcomes.

Overview

We are a clinical-stage immunotherapy and targeted oncology company focused on the acquisition, development and commercialization of novel treatments for patients with solid tumor cancers. We are evaluating our lead antibody product candidate, cosibelimab, an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (“PD-L1”) antibody licensed from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (“Dana-Farber”), in an ongoing global, open-label, multicohort Phase 1 clinical trial in checkpoint therapy-naïve patients with selected recurrent or metastatic cancers, including ongoing cohorts in locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (“CSCC”) intended to support one or more applications for marketing approval. In addition, we are evaluating our lead small-molecule, targeted anti-cancer agent, olafertinib (formerly CK-101), a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (“EGFR”) inhibitor, as a potential new treatment for patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (“NSCLC”).

In June 2022, we announced interim results from a registration-enabling cohort of our multi-regional, Phase 1 clinical trial of cosibelimab in patients with locally advanced CSCC that are not candidates for curative surgery or radiation. Cosibelimab demonstrated a confirmed objective response rate (“ORR”) of 54.8% (95% CI: 36.0, 72.7) based on independent central review of 31 patients enrolled in the cohort using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (“RECIST 1.1”). The design of the interim analysis incorporated feedback from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and is intended to potentially support the approval of cosibelimab in this indication.

In January 2022, we announced topline results from a registration-enabling cohort of our multi-regional, Phase 1 clinical trial of cosibelimab in patients with metastatic CSCC. The cohort met its primary endpoint, with cosibelimab demonstrating a confirmed ORR of 47.4% (95% CI: 36.0, 59.1) based on independent central review of 78 patients enrolled in the metastatic CSCC cohort using RECIST 1.1.

In December 2021, we announced the initiation of our CONTERNO study, a multi-regional, open-label, multi-center, randomized Phase 3 trial of cosibelimab in combination with pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of patients with NSCLC. The February 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and the ensuing response has disrupted our ability to conduct clinical trials in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. We evaluated our ability to expand the number of CONTERNO study sites in our planned Latin American, South African and Asian Pacific countries, as well as add additional countries to conduct this clinical trial. However, the substantially longer enrollment period as a result of the conflict makes the CONTERNO study no longer viable. At the time of the conflict, only Russia was open for enrollment. We expect that the study will be wound down and closed over the coming months.

We have also entered into various collaboration agreements with TG Therapeutics, Inc. (“TGTX”), a related party, to develop and commercialize certain assets in connection with our licenses in the field of hematological malignancies, while we retain the right to develop and commercialize these assets in solid tumors.

To date, we have not received approval for the sale of any product candidate in any market and, therefore, have not generated any product sales from any product candidates. In addition, we have incurred substantial operating losses since our inception, and expect to continue to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future and may never become profitable. As of June 30, 2022, we have an accumulated deficit of $230.9 million.

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We are a majority-controlled subsidiary of Fortress.

Checkpoint Therapeutics, Inc. was incorporated in Delaware on November 10, 2014 and commenced principal operations in March 2015. Our executive offices are located at 95 Sawyer Road, Suite 110, Waltham, MA 02453. Our telephone number is (781) 652-4500 and our email address is ir@checkpointtx.com.

Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our financial statements. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis, including, but not limited to, those related to research and development expenses, accrued research and development expenses and stock-based compensation. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

For a discussion of our critical accounting estimates, see the MD&A in the 2021 Form 10-K. There were no material changes in our critical accounting estimates or accounting policies from December 31, 2021.

Accounting Pronouncements

During the six-month period ended June 30, 2022, there were no new accounting pronouncements or updates to recently issued accounting pronouncements disclosed in the 2021 Form 10-K that are expected to materially affect the Company’s present or future financial statements.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

Revenue

For the three months ended June 30, 2022, revenue was approximately $18,000 compared to approximately $155,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2021, a decrease of approximately $137,000. The current and prior period revenue consisted of patent fees related to our collaborations with TGTX.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses primarily consist of personnel related expenses, including salaries, benefits, travel, and other related expenses, stock-based compensation, payments made to third parties for license and milestone costs related to in-licensed products and technology, payments made to third party CROs for preclinical and clinical studies, investigative sites for clinical trials, consultants, the cost of acquiring and manufacturing clinical trial materials, costs associated with regulatory filings and patents, laboratory costs and other supplies.

For the three months ended June 30, 2022, research and development expenses were approximately $12.1 million, compared to $7.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021, an increase of $4.9 million. The current period research and development expenses primarily consisted of $5.3 million related to manufacturing costs as we complete our validation work for cosibelimab, $4.2 million related to clinical costs for our product candidates, $0.5 million related to regulatory expenses, $1.2 million related to salary expenses, and $0.2 million related to stock compensation expense. The prior period research and development expenses primarily consisted of $3.2 million related to clinical costs for our product candidates, $3.0 million related to manufacturing costs of our product candidates, $0.2 million related to regulatory expenses, $0.3 million related to salary expenses, and $0.2 million related to stock compensation expense.

We anticipate our research and development expenses to decrease for the remainder of 2022.

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General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses, including stock-based compensation, for executives and other administrative personnel, recruitment expenses, professional fees and other corporate expenses, including investor relations, legal activities, marketing and facilities-related expenses.

For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021, general and administrative expenses were approximately $2.1 million, respectively. The current period general and administrative expenses primarily consisted of stock compensation expense of $0.5 million, $0.4 million related to salary expenses, $0.4 million related to legal and accounting fees, $0.2 million related to marketing costs and $0.1 million related to investor relation fees. The prior period general and administrative expenses primarily consisted of stock compensation expense of $0.6 million, $0.3 million related to salary expenses, $0.3 million related to legal and accounting fees, $0.1 million related to investor relation fees and $0.3 million related to our issuance of shares to Fortress pursuant to the Founders Agreement in connection with the sale of shares of our common stock.

We anticipate our general and administrative expenses will remain relatively consistent for the remainder of 2022.

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

Revenue

For the six months ended June 30, 2022, revenue was approximately $70,000 compared to approximately $223,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2021, a decrease of approximately $153,000. The current and prior period revenue consisted of patent fees related to our collaborations with TGTX.

Research and Development Expenses

For the six months ended June 30, 2022, research and development expenses were approximately $26.7 million, compared to $11.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, an increase of $15.3 million. The current period research and development expenses primarily consisted of $14.6 million related to manufacturing costs as we complete our validation work for cosibelimab, $7.4 million related to clinical costs for our product candidates, $1.0 million related to regulatory expenses, $2.1 million related to salary expenses, and $0.5 million related to stock compensation expense. The prior period research and development expenses primarily consisted of $5.6 million related to clinical costs for our product candidates, $4.0 million related to manufacturing costs of our product candidates, $0.5 million related to regulatory expenses, $0.6 million related to salary expenses, and $0.3 million related to stock compensation expense.

General and Administrative Expenses

For the six months ended June 30, 2022, general and administrative expenses were approximately $4.4 million, compared to $4.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, a decrease of $0.1 million. The current period general and administrative expenses primarily consisted of stock compensation expense of $1.0 million, $0.8 million related to salary expenses, $0.7 million related to legal and accounting fees, $0.3 million related to marketing costs, $0.2 million related to investor relation fees, and $0.2 million related to our issuance of shares to Fortress pursuant to the Founders Agreement in connection with the sale of shares of our common stock. The prior period general and administrative expenses primarily consisted of stock compensation expense of $1.2 million, $0.7 million related to salary expenses, $0.6 million related to legal and accounting fees, $0.2 million related to investor relation fees and $0.9 million related to our issuance of shares to Fortress pursuant to the Founders Agreement in connection with the sale of shares of our common stock.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have incurred substantial operating losses since our inception and expect to continue to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future and may never become profitable. As of June 30, 2022, we had an accumulated deficit of $230.9 million.

Our major sources of cash have been proceeds from the sale of equity securities. We expect to use these proceeds primarily for general corporate purposes, which may include financing our growth, developing new or existing product candidates, and funding capital expenditures, acquisitions and investments.

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As of June 30, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $30.9 million. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents are only sufficient to fund our operating expenses into the second quarter of 2023. We will need to secure additional funds through equity or debt offerings, or other potential sources such as partnerships to fully develop and commercialize our product candidates. Our estimate as to how long we expects our existing cash to be able to continue to fund our operations is based on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. Further, changing circumstances, some of which may be beyond our control, could cause us to consume capital faster than we currently anticipates, and we may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned. We cannot be certain that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. These factors individually and collectively raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

We do not expect any material impact on our long-term development timeline and our liquidity due to the worldwide spread of the coronavirus (“COVID-19”).

Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $30.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to approximately $10.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in net cash used in operating activities was primarily related to an increase in clinical and manufacturing costs related to cosibelimab in the current period.

Investing Activities

There were no investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $7.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $34.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Cash provided by financing activities was related to the net proceeds from the issuance of common stock as part of our At-the-Market Issuance Sales Agreement offerings. The current period amount was partially offset by cash paid for taxes related to the net settlement of shares for employee stock vestings.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information otherwise required under this item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

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With respect to the quarter ended June 30, 2022, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operations of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective. Management does not expect that our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control systems are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, no evaluation of internal control over financial reporting can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been or will be detected.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting:

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2022 which have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II. Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are not involved in any litigation that we believe could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of our executive officers, threatened against or affecting our company or our officers or directors in their capacities as such.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The following information sets forth risk factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements we have made in this report and those we may make from time to time. You should carefully consider the risks described below, in addition to the other information contained in this report and our other public filings, before making an investment decision. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be harmed by any of these risks. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks not presently known to us or other factors not perceived by us to present significant risks to our business at this time also may impair our business operations.

Risks Related to Our Finances and Capital Requirements

We have incurred significant losses since our inception and anticipate that we will incur continued losses for the foreseeable future. We may never achieve or maintain profitability.

We are an emerging growth company with a limited operating history. We have focused primarily on in-licensing and developing our product candidates, with the goal of supporting regulatory approval for these product candidates. We have incurred losses since our inception in November 2014 and have an accumulated deficit of $230.9 million as of June 30, 2022. We expect to continue to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future. We also do not anticipate that we will achieve profitability for a period of time after generating material revenues, if ever. If we are unable to generate revenues, we will not become profitable and may be unable to continue operations without continued funding. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing pharmaceutical products, we are unable to predict the timing or amount of increased expenses or when or if, we will be able to achieve profitability. Our net losses may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. We anticipate that our expenses will increase substantially if:

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one or more of our product candidates are submitted for marketing approval or are approved for commercial sale, due to our need to establish the necessary commercial infrastructure to launch this product candidate without substantial delays, including manufacturing to build pre-commercial inventory, hiring sales and marketing personnel and contracting with third parties for warehousing, distribution, cash collection and related commercial activities;

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we are required by the FDA or foreign regulatory authorities, to perform studies in addition to those currently expected;

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we initiate one or more clinical trials to pursue additional indications for our product candidates;

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there are any delays in completing our clinical trials or the development of any of our product candidates;

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we execute other collaborative, licensing or similar arrangements and the timing of payments we may make or receive under these arrangements;

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there are variations in the level of expenses related to our current and future development programs;

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there are any product liability or intellectual property infringement lawsuits in which we may become involved;

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there are any regulatory developments affecting product candidates of our competitors; and

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one or more of our product candidates receives regulatory approval.

Our ability to become profitable depends upon our ability to generate revenue. To date, we have not generated any revenue from the sale of our development stage products, and we do not know when, or if, we will generate any revenue. To obtain revenues from sales of our product candidates, we must succeed, either alone or with third parties, in developing, obtaining regulatory approval for, manufacturing and marketing products with commercial potential. Our ability to generate revenue depends on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, our ability to:

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obtain regulatory approval for one or more of our product candidates, or any future product candidate that we may license or acquire;

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manufacture commercial quantities of one or more of our product candidates or any future product candidate, if approved, at acceptable cost levels; and

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develop a commercial organization and the supporting infrastructure required to successfully market and sell one or more of our product candidates or any future product candidate, if approved.

Even if we do achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. Our failure to become and remain profitable would depress the value of our company and could impair our ability to raise capital, expand our business, maintain our research and development efforts, diversify our product offerings or even continue our operations. A decline in the value of our company could also cause you to lose all or part of your investment.

Our short operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our business and prospects.

We were incorporated in November 2014 and have only been conducting operations with respect to our product candidates since March 2015. Our operations to date have been limited to preclinical and clinical operations and the in-licensing of our product candidates. We have not yet demonstrated an ability to successfully complete clinical trials, obtain regulatory approvals, manufacture a commercial scale product, or arrange for a third party to do so on our behalf, or conduct sales and marketing activities necessary for successful product commercialization. Consequently, any predictions about our future performance may not be as accurate as they could be if we had a history of successfully developing and commercializing pharmaceutical products.

In addition, as a young business, we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications, delays and other known and unknown factors. We will need to expand our capabilities to support increased clinical and manufacturing activities and future potential commercial activities. We may not be successful in adding such capabilities.

We expect our financial condition and operating results to continue to fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year due to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. Accordingly, you should not rely upon the results of any past quarterly period as an indication of future operating performance.

We will require substantial additional funding which may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we fail to raise the necessary additional capital, we may be unable to complete the development and commercialization of our product candidates, or continue our development programs.

Our operations have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. We expect to significantly increase our spending to advance the preclinical and clinical development of our product candidates and launch and commercialize any product candidates for which we may receive regulatory approval, including building our own commercial organizations to address certain markets. We will require additional capital for the further development and, if approved, commercialization of our product candidates, as well as to fund our other operating expenses and capital expenditures. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents are only sufficient to fund our operating expenses into the second quarter of 2023.

We cannot be certain that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital in sufficient amounts or on terms acceptable to us we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development or, if approved, commercialization of one or more of our product candidates. We may also seek collaborators for one or more of our current or future product candidates at an earlier stage than otherwise would be desirable or on terms that are less favorable than might otherwise be available. Any of these events could significantly harm our business, financial condition and prospects.

Our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:

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the timing, design and conduct of, and results from, preclinical studies and clinical trials for our product candidates;

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the potential for delays in our efforts to seek regulatory approval for our product candidates, and any costs associated with such delays;

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the costs of establishing a commercial organization to sell, market and distribute our product candidates;

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the rate of progress and costs of our efforts to prepare for the submission of an NDA or BLA for any of our product candidates or any product candidates that we may in-license or acquire in the future, and the potential that we may need to conduct additional clinical trials to support applications for regulatory approval;

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the costs of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights associated with our product candidates, including any such costs we may be required to expend if our licensors are unwilling or unable to do so;

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the cost and timing of securing sufficient supplies of our product candidates from our third-party manufacturers for clinical trials and in preparation for commercialization;

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the effect of competing technological and market developments;

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the terms and timing of any collaborative, licensing, co-promotion or other arrangements that we may establish;

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if one or more of our product candidates are approved, the potential that we may be required to file a lawsuit to defend our patent rights or regulatory exclusivities from challenges by companies seeking to market generic versions of one or more of our product candidates; and

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the success of the commercialization of one or more of our product candidates, if approved.

Future capital requirements will also depend on the extent to which we acquire or invest in additional complementary businesses, products and technologies, but we currently have no commitments or agreements relating to any of these types of transactions.

In order to carry out our business plan and implement our strategy, we anticipate that we will need to obtain additional financing from time to time and may choose to raise additional funds through strategic collaborations, licensing arrangements, public or private equity or debt financing, bank lines of credit, asset sales, government grants, or other arrangements. We cannot be sure that any additional funding, if needed, will be available on terms favorable to us or at all. Furthermore, any additional equity or equity-related financing may be dilutive to our stockholders, and debt or equity financing, if available, may subject us to restrictive covenants and significant interest costs. If we obtain funding through a strategic collaboration or licensing arrangement, we may be required to relinquish our rights to certain of our product candidates or marketing territories.

Our inability to raise capital when needed would harm our business, financial condition and results of operations, and could cause our stock price to decline or require that we wind down our operations altogether.

There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, which may hinder our ability to obtain future financing.

Our unaudited condensed financial statements as of June 30, 2022 have been prepared under the assumption that we will continue as a going concern for the next twelve months. As of June 30, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $30.9 million and an accumulated deficit of $230.9 million. We do not believe that our cash and cash equivalents are sufficient for the next twelve months. As a result of our financial condition and other factors described herein, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our ability to continue as a going concern will depend on our ability to obtain additional funding, as to which no assurances can be given. We continue to analyze various alternatives, including potentially obtaining debt or equity financings or other arrangements. Our future success depends on our ability to raise capital. We cannot be certain that raising additional capital, whether through selling additional debt or equity securities or obtaining a line of credit or other loan, will be available to us or, if available, will be on terms acceptable to us. If we issue additional securities to raise funds, these securities may have rights, preferences, or privileges senior to those of our common stock, and our current shareholders may experience dilution. If we are unable to obtain funds when needed or on acceptable terms, we may be required to curtail our current development programs, cut operating costs, forego future development and other opportunities or even terminate our operations.

Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our existing stockholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish proprietary rights.

Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial product revenue, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings, grants and license and development agreements in connection with any collaborations. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your rights as a stockholder. Debt financing and preferred equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends.

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If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances or marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.

We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company,” and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies may make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company” as that term is used in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”), and may remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (1) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of the initial public offering of our common stock, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our outstanding common stock that are held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30, and (2) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three year period. For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and intend to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include:

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being permitted to provide only two years of our audited financial statements, in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements, with correspondingly reduced “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” disclosure in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q;

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not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting;

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not being required to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements;

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disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and

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exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we, as an emerging growth company, will adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with another public company which has opted into using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accountant standards used.

We are also a smaller reporting company, and we will remain a smaller reporting company until the fiscal year following the determination that our voting and non-voting common shares held by non-affiliates is more than $250 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, or our annual revenues are more than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and our voting and non-voting common shares held by non-affiliates is more than $700 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter. Similar to emerging growth companies, smaller reporting companies are able to provide simplified executive compensation disclosure, are exempt from the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404, and have certain other reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other things, being required to provide only two years of audited financial statements and not being required to provide selected financial data, supplemental financial information or risk factors.

We have elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced reporting obligations. We cannot predict whether investors will find our common stock less attractive if we rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be reduced or more volatile.

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We may expend our limited resources to pursue certain product candidates or indications and fail to capitalize on product candidates or indications that may be more profitable or for which there is a greater likelihood of success.

Because we have limited financial and managerial resources, we focus on research programs and product candidates that we identify for specific indications. As a result, we may forego or delay pursuit of opportunities with other product candidates or for other indications that later prove to have greater commercial potential. Our resource allocation decisions may cause us to fail to capitalize on viable commercial products or profitable market opportunities. Our spending on current and future research and development programs and product candidates for specific indications may not yield any commercially viable products. If we do not accurately and/or effectively evaluate the commercial potential or target market for a particular product candidate, we may relinquish valuable rights to that product candidate through collaboration, licensing or other royalty arrangements in cases in which it would have been more advantageous for us to retain sole development and commercialization rights to such product candidate.

Risks Related to our Business Strategy, Structure, and Organization

We currently have no drug products for sale and are dependent on the future success of our product candidates. We can give no assurances that any of our product candidates will receive regulatory approval or be successfully commercialized.

To date, we have invested a significant portion of our efforts and financial resources in the acquisition and development of our product candidates. As a development-stage company, we have limited experience and have not yet demonstrated an ability to successfully overcome many of the risks and uncertainties frequently encountered by companies in new and rapidly evolving fields, particularly in the biopharmaceutical area. Our future success is substantially dependent on our ability to successfully develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and then successfully commercialize such product candidates. Our product candidates are currently in preclinical development or in clinical trials. Our business depends entirely on the successful development and commercialization of our product candidates, which may never occur. We currently have no drug products for sale, currently generate no revenues from sales of any drug products and may never be able to develop or commercialize a marketable drug.

The successful development, and any commercialization of our technologies and any product candidates that may occur, would require us to successfully perform a variety of functions, including:

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developing our technology platform;

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identifying, developing, formulating, manufacturing and commercializing product candidates;

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entering into successful licensing and other arrangements with product development partners;

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achieving clinical endpoints to support preparation of approval applications;

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participating in regulatory approval processes, including ultimately gaining approval to market a drug product, which may not occur;

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obtaining sufficient quantities of our product candidates from our third-party manufacturers to meet clinical trial needs and, if approved, to meet commercial demand at launch and thereafter;

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establishing and maintaining agreements with wholesalers, distributors and group purchasing organizations on commercially reasonable terms;

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conducting sales and marketing activities including hiring, training, deploying and supporting a sales force and creating market demand for our product candidates through our own marketing and sales activities, and any other arrangements to promote our product candidates that we may establish;

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maintaining patent protection and regulatory exclusivity for our product candidates; and

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obtaining market acceptance for our product candidates.

Each of these requirements will require substantial time, effort and financial resources.

We intend to use data from our ongoing Phase 1 clinical trial of cosibelimab, conducted outside the United States, in checkpoint therapy-naïve patients with selected recurrent or metastatic cancers, including CSCC, to potentially support one or more U.S. BLAs and comparable applications for marketing approval outside the U.S. In January 2020, we announced that we had discussed with the FDA this strategy in CSCC. We believe, based on published FDA guidance documents, public statements of companies with comparable product candidates, and recent interactions with the FDA, that exclusively foreign clinical data from a single study conducted in multiple countries may be acceptable to support marketing approval(s) under FDA regulations. If we prove to be incorrect, running additional studies in the U.S. will require substantial time, effort and financial resources or may not be possible at all.

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As part of the development of cosibelimab, prior to the manufacture of our validation batches, we implemented minor changes to the formulation and manufacturing process of cosibelimab to improve the quality and robustness of the product. Additionally, we transferred the drug product fill to a new manufacturer, which is the planned commercial manufacturer of cosibelimab, which included a change in type and size of glass vials and container closure system. As these changes were not in place for the clinical program, we plan to utilize analytical comparability to demonstrate that the drug substance and drug product used in our clinical trial is comparable to the proposed commercial drug substance and drug product manufactured in our validation batches. If we are unable to demonstrate analytical comparability for cosibelimab acceptable to the FDA or similar regulatory authorities outside of the United States, our ability to obtain approvals for cosibelimab may be harmed, which would harm our business, operating results, prospects or financial condition.

Our operations have been limited to organizing our company, acquiring, developing and securing our proprietary technologies and obtaining preclinical data or clinical data for various product candidates. These operations provide a limited basis for you to assess our ability to continue to identify product candidates, develop and commercialize product candidates in our portfolio and any product candidates we are able to identify and enter into successful collaborative arrangements with other companies in the future, as well as for you to assess the advisability of investing in our securities.

Each of our product candidates will require additional preclinical or clinical development, management of preclinical, clinical and manufacturing activities, regulatory approval in the jurisdictions in which we plan to market the product, obtaining manufacturing supply, building of a commercial organization, and significant marketing efforts before we generate any revenues from product sales, which may not occur. We are not permitted to market or promote any of our product candidates in the U.S. or any other jurisdiction before we receive regulatory approval from the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authority, respectively, and we may never receive such regulatory approval for any of our product candidates.

Our future growth depends on our ability to identify and acquire or in-license products and successfully integrating such acquired or in-licensed products into our existing operations.

An important part of our business strategy is to continue to develop a pipeline of product candidates by acquiring or in-licensing products, businesses or technologies that we believe are a strategic fit with our focus on novel combinations of immuno-oncology antibodies and small molecule targeted anti-cancer agents. Future in-licenses or acquisitions, however, may entail numerous operational and financial risks, including:

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exposure to unknown liabilities;

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disruption of our business and diversion of our management’s time and attention to develop acquired products or technologies;

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difficulty or inability to secure financing to fund development activities for such acquired or in-licensed technologies in the current economic environment;

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incurrence of substantial debt or dilutive issuances of securities to pay for acquisitions;

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higher than expected acquisition and integration costs;

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increased amortization expenses;

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difficulty and cost in combining the operations and personnel of any acquired businesses with our operations and personnel;

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impairment of relationships with key suppliers or customers of any acquired businesses due to changes in management and ownership; and

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inability to retain key employees of any acquired businesses.

We have limited resources to identify and execute the acquisition or in-licensing of third-party products, businesses and technologies and integrate them into our current infrastructure. In particular, we may compete with larger pharmaceutical companies and other competitors in our efforts to establish new collaborations and in-licensing opportunities. These competitors likely will have access to greater financial resources than us and may have greater expertise in identifying and evaluating new opportunities. Moreover, we may devote resources to potential acquisitions or in-licensing opportunities that are never completed, or we may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of such efforts.

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Risks Inherent in Drug Development and Commercialization

Results of preclinical studies and early clinical trials are not necessarily predictive of future results and, as a result, any product candidate we advance may not have favorable results in later clinical trials or receive regulatory approval. Moreover, interim, “top-line,” and preliminary data from clinical trials that we announce or publish may change, or the perceived product profile may be negatively impacted as more patient data or additional endpoints (including efficacy and safety) are analyzed.

Pharmaceutical development has inherent risks. The outcome of preclinical development testing and early clinical trials may not be predictive of the outcome of later clinical trials, and interim results of a clinical trial do not necessarily predict final results. Moreover, preclinical and clinical data are often susceptible to varying interpretations and analyses, and many companies that believed their product candidates performed satisfactorily in preclinical studies and clinical trials nonetheless failed to obtain marketing approval of their product candidates. Once a product candidate has displayed sufficient preclinical data to warrant clinical investigation, we will be required to demonstrate, through adequate and well-controlled clinical trials, that our product candidates are effective and have a favorable benefit-risk profile for use in populations for the target indications before we can seek regulatory approvals for the product candidates’ commercial sale. Despite promising preclinical results, many drug candidates fail in the early stages of clinical development for safety and tolerability issues or for insufficient clinical activity. Accordingly, no assurance can be made that a safe and efficacious dose can be found for these drug candidates, or that they will ever enter into advanced clinical trials alone or in combination with other product candidates. Moreover, success in early clinical trials does not guarantee success in later clinical trials because, despite having progressed through initial clinical testing, product candidates in later-stage clinical trials may fail to demonstrate sufficient safety or efficacy. Companies frequently experience significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after earlier clinical trials have shown promising results. There is an extremely high rate of failure of pharmaceutical candidates proceeding through clinical trials.

Individually reported clinical trial patient outcomes may not be representative of the entire population of treated patients in such studies. In addition, registration or larger scale Phase 3 studies, which are often conducted internationally, are inherently subject to increased operational risks compared to earlier stage studies, including the risk that the results could vary on a region to region or country to country basis, which could materially adversely affect the outcome of the study or the opinion of the validity of the study results by applicable regulatory agencies.

From time to time, we may publicly disclose top-line or preliminary data from our clinical trials, which is based on a preliminary analysis of then available data, and the results and related findings and conclusions are subject to change following a more comprehensive review of the data related to the particular study or trial. We also make assumptions, estimations, calculations and conclusions as part of our analyses of such data, and we may not have received or had the opportunity to fully and carefully evaluate all data from the particular study or trial, including all endpoints and safety data. As a result, top-line or preliminary results that we report may differ from future results of the same studies, or different conclusions or considerations may qualify such results, once additional data have been received and fully evaluated. Top-line or preliminary data also remain subject to audit and verification procedures that may result in the final data being materially different from the topline, interim, or preliminary data we previously published. When providing top-line results, we may disclose the primary endpoint of a study before all secondary endpoints have been fully analyzed. A positive primary endpoint does not translate to all, or any, secondary endpoints being met. As a result, top-line and preliminary data should be viewed with caution until the final data are available, including data from the full safety analysis and the final analysis of all endpoints.

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Further, from time to time, we may also disclose interim data from our preclinical studies and clinical trials. Interim data from clinical trials are subject to the risk that one or more of the clinical outcomes may materially change as patient enrollment continues and more patient data become available. For example, many of the results reported in our early clinical trials rely on local investigator-assessed efficacy outcomes which may be subject to greater variability or subjectivity than results assessed in a blinded, independent, centrally reviewed manner, often required of final or later phase, adequate and well-controlled registration-directed clinical trials. If the results from our registration-directed trials are different from the results found in the earlier studies, we may need to terminate or revise our clinical development plan, which could extend the time for conducting our development program and could have a material adverse effect on our business. Also, time-to-event based endpoints such as duration of response and progression-free survival have the potential to change, sometimes drastically, with longer follow-up. In addition, as patients continue therapy, there can be no assurance that the final safety data from studies, once fully analyzed, will be consistent with prior safety data presented, will be differentiated from other similar agents in the same class, will support continued development, or will be favorable enough to support regulatory approvals for the indications studied. Further, third parties, including regulatory agencies, may not accept or agree with our assumptions, estimates, calculations, conclusions or analyses, or may interpret or weigh the importance of data differently, which could impact the value of a program, the approvability or commercialization of a product candidate or product, or our company in general. The information we choose to publicly disclose regarding a particular study or clinical trial is based on what is typically extensive information, and regulators or others may not agree with what we determine is material or otherwise appropriate information to include in our disclosure. If the interim, top-line or preliminary data that we report differ from final results, or if third parties, including regulatory authorities, disagree with the conclusions reached, our ability to obtain approval for, or successfully commercialize, our product candidates may be harmed, which could harm our business, operating results, prospects or financial condition.

Delays in clinical testing could result in increased costs to us and delay our ability to generate revenue.

Although we are planning for certain clinical trials relating to our product candidates, there can be no assurance that the FDA, or any comparable foreign regulatory authority, will accept our proposed trial designs. We may experience delays in our clinical trials and we do not know whether current or planned clinical trials will begin on time, need to be redesigned, enroll patients on time or be completed on schedule, if at all. Clinical trials can be delayed for a variety of reasons, including delays related to:

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obtaining regulatory approval to commence a trial;

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reaching agreement on acceptable terms with prospective contract research organizations (“CROs”), and clinical trial sites, the terms of which can be subject to extensive negotiation and may vary significantly among different CROs and trial sites;

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obtaining institutional review board (“IRB”), or ethics committee, as applicable, approval at each site;

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recruiting a sufficient number of suitable patients to participate in a trial;

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clinical sites deviating from trial protocol or dropping out of a trial;

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having patients complete a trial or return for post-treatment follow-up;

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developing and validating companion diagnostics on a timely basis, if required;

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obtaining resolution for any clinical holds that arise from the FDA or any comparable foreign regulatory authority;

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adding new clinical trial sites; or

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availability of raw materials or manufacturing sufficient quantities of product candidate for use in clinical trials.

We could encounter delays if a clinical trial is suspended or terminated by us, by the IRBs or ethics committees of the institutions in which such trials are being conducted, by the Data Safety Monitoring Board for such trial or by the FDA or other regulatory authorities. Such authorities may impose such a suspension or termination due to a number of factors, including failure to conduct the clinical trial in accordance with regulatory requirements or our clinical protocols, inspection of the clinical trial operations or trial site by the FDA or other regulatory authorities resulting in the imposition of a clinical hold, unforeseen safety issues or adverse side effects, failure to demonstrate a benefit from using a drug candidate, changes in governmental regulations or administrative actions or lack of adequate funding to continue the clinical trial.

If we experience delays in the completion of, or te